A turning point in European defense? Macron says the continent must redefine its security — with a new, “holistic” nuclear strategy.
French President Emmanuel Macron said Friday that Europe must redefine its security architecture independently, arguing that the continent can no longer rely solely on existing frameworks as it confronts an assertive Russia.
Speaking at the Munich Security Conference, Macron said Europeans must prepare for a future in which they negotiate their own security arrangements, rather than leaving such decisions to outside powers. “We have to be the ones to negotiate this new architecture of security for Europe,” he said, noting that geography ensures Europe will continue to coexist with Russia.
Macron suggested that redefining Europe’s defense posture could include a more “holistic” approach to nuclear deterrence — an area traditionally guarded as a strictly national prerogative. France, the European Union’s only nuclear-armed state, has begun what Macron described as a “new strategic dialogue” with German Chancellor Friedrich Merz and other European leaders.
The talks aim to explore how France’s national nuclear doctrine could align more closely with broader European security interests. Macron said the dialogue seeks to create strategic convergence, particularly between France and Germany.
Merz confirmed that confidential discussions on deterrence are underway but stressed that Germany remains bound by its commitments under NATO’s nuclear-sharing framework. He said Berlin would not support the emergence of “zones of differing security” across Europe.
Macron’s remarks reflect growing debate within Europe over long-term reliance on the U.S. security umbrella. While he did not call for replacing NATO, his comments signal that European leaders are increasingly weighing options for greater strategic autonomy.
Beyond defense policy, Macron also defended Europe against criticism that it is overregulated, economically stagnant or socially restrictive. He urged Europeans to adopt a more confident posture, arguing that the continent’s strengths are often overshadowed by negative narratives.
Macron said he would provide further details on his security proposals in the coming weeks, as Europe continues to reassess its strategic footing amid heightened geopolitical tensions.
