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Urgent Call for Legislation to Protect the Honor of Somaliland’s Founding Fathers

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Open Letter to the Somaliland Parliament

Dear Honorable Members of the Somaliland Parliament,

I write to you today with a matter of utmost importance that affects the very fabric of our nation. The sacrifices and contributions of the Somaliland National Movement (SNM) mujahedeen, who fought bravely for the freedom and security we enjoy today, must be honored and protected by our laws. Among these heroic individuals, the current President of Somaliland, Muse Bihi Abdi, and the Minister of Interior, Mohamed Kahin Ahmed, stand as the foremost founding fathers of our nation.

Lately, there has been a disturbing trend of young individuals, claiming to be politicians, disrespecting and insulting these esteemed figures. Such actions not only tarnish the legacy of our freedom fighters but also threaten the unity and stability of Somaliland.

I urge you, the esteemed members of the Somaliland Parliament, to take swift and decisive action by enacting a law that criminalizes any form of insult or defamation against the SNM mujahedeen. This law should mandate strict penalties for those who dare to dishonor the heroes who sacrificed so much for our nation’s independence.

The freedom and security we cherish in Somaliland today were hard-earned through the blood, sweat, and tears of these brave individuals. It is our collective duty to ensure that their legacy is preserved and respected. By implementing this law, we will send a clear message that Somaliland values and honors its founding fathers and will not tolerate any attempts to undermine their contributions.

Failure to enact such legislation may result in unrest, as the descendants of these heroic figures may feel compelled to defend their honor through unlawful means. It is our responsibility to prevent such outcomes by providing a legal framework that upholds justice and respect for those who have given us the gift of freedom.

I implore you to act swiftly and decisively. Protect the honor of our founding fathers and ensure that their legacy remains untarnished for generations to come. The future of Somaliland depends on the actions we take today to safeguard our past.

Thank you for your attention to this critical matter.

Sincerely,

Somalilander

Political Warfare: The Waddani Party’s Systematic Demonization of President Muse Bihi

Opinion

Somaliland’s Controversial Power Play

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How Somaliland’s Quest for International Status Challenges Existing Norms and Agreements

Somaliland’s quest for recognition and rights to enter into international agreements is not merely a legal formality; it is a rightful assertion of its distinct identity and governance, rooted deeply in the principles of self-determination and international law. As an entity that has governed itself since restored its  independence on May 18, 1991, Somaliland has demonstrated not only its capability for self-governance but also its commitment to peace and stability in a region fraught with challenges. Somaliland is not a remnant of Somalia; it is an independent entity that has carved out a significant narrative of resilience and sovereignty.

Historically, Somaliland operated as the British Somaliland Protectorate, distinct from the Italian colonies that formed modern Somalia. This nuanced colonial history, coupled with Somaliland’s initial independence on June 26, 1960, underscores its legitimate claim to statehood. Unlike the hasty merger with Somalia that followed, which lacked the necessary legal frameworks—no parliamentary approval, no binding international agreements, and no ensuing endorsement by the global community—Somaliland’s historical and legal paths toward sovereignty are clear and compelling.

In an increasingly interconnected world, the importance of international agreements cannot be overstated, and Somaliland’s ability to enter these agreements is not just a political maneuver; it is a recognition of its existence as a state by others, an affirmation of its rights, and a testament to its capability and willingness to engage peacefully on the global stage. Somaliland has proactively engaged in agreements with nations like the United Kingdom, Ethiopia, and the United Arab Emirates. These are not merely transactional; they signify trust and recognition in Somaliland’s governance and stability. Moreover, the agreements serve international interests by promoting security, trade, and development in a region often marked by turbulence.

The principles outlined in the Montevideo Convention of 1933 stipulate the criteria for statehood—permanent population, defined territory, a functioning government, and the capacity to engage in relations with other states—are all criteria that Somaliland meets. With a robust government that has demonstrated its efficacy in providing for its citizens, maintaining law and order, and fostering economic development, Somaliland has shown it is more than capable of fulfilling the responsibilities that come with sovereignty.

Given its historical context and legal status, Somaliland firmly stands on solid ground. The international community has recognized that the union with Somalia is fraught with unresolved issues, establishing that Somaliland’s aspirations for recognition derive from a historical right and ongoing legitimacy, rather than a mere desire to exit a dysfunctional political arrangement. Furthermore, the claims by Somalia lack substantiation due to the absence of an official agreement ratified by legitimate authorities, which only strengthens Somaliland’s position.

International consensus continues to grow. The 2005 African Union’s fact-finding mission acknowledged Somaliland’s unique status and highlighted its contributions to peace and stability in the Horn of Africa. This recognition from a premier continental body serves as a reminder of Somaliland’s distinct identity and its legitimate aspirations.

The future of Somaliland’s participation in international agreements rests not only on legal frameworks and historical narratives but also on the genuine will of the international community to recognize its efforts to pursue a peaceful and prosperous existence separate from the chaos that has often enveloped its southern neighbor. Facilitating Somaliland’s access to international agreements is an investment in regional stability and a promotion of human rights and governance that reflects the will of the people.

Ultimately, Somaliland’s case is not simply about legal technicalities; it is about the affirmation of its people’s rights, the recognition of their sacrifices, and the validation of their aspirations. The international community should embrace Somaliland’s quest for recognition, as it stands as an example of resilience, governance, and the enduring spirit of a people determined to reclaim their identity on the world stage. By acknowledging Somaliland’s rights to enter into international agreements, the world will not only be honoring a historical claim but also endorsing a peaceful future for the region, paving the way for cooperation based on mutual respect and shared goals. Somaliland’s story is one of hope, determination, and the unwavering pursuit of dignity—a narrative that deserves to be recognized, celebrated, and supported by the international community.

By; Abdullahi Ahmed Heef

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Opinion

Advice to the Government of Somaliland Regarding International Relations and Security

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Advice to the Government of Somaliland Regarding International Relations and Security

As Somaliland continues to navigate complex regional dynamics and external pressures, it is imperative that the government adopts a strategic and diplomatic approach to safeguard its interests and sovereignty. Given the current geopolitical challenges, the following recommendations are proposed:

Organize an International Summit: An urgent meeting should be convened with the international community in Nairobi, Kenya, to present Somaliland’s national interests and security concerns. The summit should underscore Somaliland’s role in regional and international security, including its efforts in counter-terrorism and anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden. It is essential to clarify to the global community that Somaliland’s stability is critical to regional security and must be protected.

Engage with the United States: The government of Somaliland should proactively engage with the United States to address concerns about China’s increasing aggression towards Somaliland. This aggression is particularly evident in light of Somaliland’s relations with Taiwan, which has irked Beijing. It is crucial to communicate to the U.S. that China might attempt to establish a presence on Somaliland’s coast without proper authorization, an issue that must be addressed. Additionally, the government should emphasize the need for U.S. support in maintaining Somaliland’s strategic position. This partnership is vital, especially if Somaliland faces challenges from Eastern nations such as Russia, Iran, or China.

Strengthen Ties with Taiwan: Somaliland should explicitly convey to Taiwan that China’s actions are targeting Somaliland, with the intent to undermine the relationship between the two regions. Taiwan is urged to provide effective support to Somaliland, including assistance with small-scale projects and help with acquiring an international country code. Additionally, Taiwan should support Somaliland in matters related to air and military affairs. It is crucial for Somaliland to secure this support to withstand potential pressures and conflicts with China.

Coordinate with Regional Allies: The government should also engage with Ethiopia and the United Arab Emirates to discuss Somaliland’s current situation and future plans. Strengthening cooperation with these countries will bolster Somaliland’s strategic position and ensure a united front in addressing regional challenges.

Furthermore, Somaliland should establish specialized committees with high-level expertise and unwavering loyalty to national interests. These committees should focus on formulating strategic plans, legal frameworks, and national defense strategies. It is essential for Somaliland to transition from a reactive stance to a proactive diplomatic and political strategy, addressing both immediate and long-term challenges.

In conclusion, Somaliland must intensify its diplomatic and political efforts, particularly in countering adversaries such as Somalia, which threatens the independence and stability of Somaliland. Developing comprehensive plans and conducting detailed studies will be critical to achieving victory and securing Somaliland’s future.

By: Abdullahi Ahmed Heef

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Election 2024

Hashi’s Desperate Gamble Backfires, Leaving Somaliland’s Election in Turmoil

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In the unpredictable world of Somaliland politics, few figures embody the drama and intrigue quite like Mohamud Hashi. Once a powerful insider and now a vocal agitator, Hashi finds himself at the center of a storm he may have unwittingly unleashed. His latest political maneuver—a controversial alliance with the Waddani party—has not only collapsed but has left Hashi scrambling to regain control over a narrative that seems to be slipping further from his grasp. What started as an attempt to strengthen his chances in the upcoming Somaliland election has turned into a desperate, chaotic campaign to incite fear and uncertainty among voters.

Somaliland’s November 2024 election is on the horizon, and the political chessboard has been set. Hashi, chairing the KAAH association, believed he could outmaneuver Waddani party leader Hirsi Haaji Ali, but the tables have turned dramatically. The alliance that was meant to weaken the reigning Kulmiye party has instead backfired on Hashi, leaving him in an increasingly isolated position. Now, he’s lashing out, stirring tensions in a bid to salvage what he can from the wreckage of his failed strategy.

Hashi’s latest speeches in eastern Somaliland are nothing short of incendiary. He warns of wars to come, fueling an already charged atmosphere with dangerous rhetoric. But let’s not forget—this isn’t the first time Hashi has dabbled in divisive politics. Over the last seven years, he has relentlessly attacked Somaliland’s President Bihi in the media, accusing him of sidelining former ministers, including himself. Hashi’s bitterness towards Bihi stems from the president’s refusal to reinstate him in the government following the 2017 election, despite Hashi’s role in helping secure Bihi’s victory. Hashi, once a key minister in the Silanyo administration, believed he was owed something—be it power, influence, or recognition.

What he got instead was the cold shoulder, and that rejection has fueled his public attacks ever since. Rumor has it, Hashi suffers from what some have dubbed “Bihi Syndrome”—a term used to describe politicians in Somaliland who, after being denied positions of power, resort to relentless media criticism in an attempt to remain relevant. But here’s the irony: while Hashi’s complaints have been loud, they’ve done little to sway public opinion in his favor.

And now, his latest gamble—the Waddani-KAAH alliance—has spectacularly backfired. Hirsi Haaji Ali, chairman of Waddani, saw through Hashi’s tactics and publicly distanced himself from the partnership, leaving Hashi humiliated. This alliance, which was meant to boost their collective chances against the Kulmiye party, has instead exposed Hashi’s desperation. He hoped to ride on Waddani’s coattails, but the rug has been pulled from under him. Now, with nothing to lose, Hashi has turned to incitement, attempting to rally voters with fear instead of reason.

But Somaliland’s electorate is no stranger to political theatrics. They know Hashi well—from his days as a minister accused of embezzling state funds to his more recent role as a political firebrand. Hashi’s attempt to sow division and stir tribal loyalties has only reinforced his reputation as a self-serving politician. He’s not a maker of politics, as he likes to portray himself, but rather a man who has been outplayed in a game he thought he could control.

The people of Somaliland have seen this play out before. Politicians who don’t get what they want resort to threats of violence and calls for unrest. It’s a sad but common pattern in Somaliland’s political landscape. Instead of focusing on the issues that matter to voters—education, infrastructure, security—figures like Hashi turn to tribalism and incitement when they’re cornered. And yet, amid all the noise, the government has remained silent, refusing to engage with Hashi’s provocations.

The silence from Somaliland’s election commission is equally deafening. As Hashi ramps up his inflammatory rhetoric, there’s been no official response to rein him in, leaving many to wonder if this silence will embolden him further. Will Hashi’s incitement go unchecked? Or will Somaliland’s political system finally push back against this dangerous brand of politics?

Hashi’s downfall serves as a cautionary tale in the world of Somaliland politics. He’s a man who dug too deep, believing he could manipulate the system to his advantage. But now, as his alliances crumble and his credibility erodes, Hashi is learning the hard way that politics isn’t just about power—it’s about trust. And trust, once broken, is almost impossible to repair.

As the November election approaches, Hashi’s future looks increasingly uncertain. His attempt to deceive both Waddani and the electorate has failed, leaving him with little more than hollow threats and a damaged reputation. Whether he can claw his way back or will fade into political obscurity remains to be seen. But one thing is clear: the people of Somaliland won’t be easily swayed by fearmongering. They’ve seen it all before, and this time, they’re not falling for it.

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Opinion

The Red Sea Crises – Opinion

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“The Red Sea Crises: Environmental Oil Split and Economic Fallout from the Houthi Attack on the Oil Tanker MV Soundiodine” 

The Red Sea, a crucial maritime corridor linking the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean, has been the site of numerous incidents threatening its environmental and economic stability. The most recent and severe of these was the attack on the oil tanker MV Soundiodine by Houthi rebels on August 21, 2024. This assault resulted in a catastrophic oil spill, inflicting significant harm on the marine environment, disrupting economic activities, and exacerbating regional tensions. This event underscores the inherent vulnerabilities of the region and the profound consequences of such aggressive actions.

The attack occurred near the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, a key waterway through which millions of barrels of oil are transported daily. The Houthis, a militant group originating from Yemen, have previously targeted Red Sea shipping routes amid their broader regional conflict. In this instance, a missile strike breached the hull of the MV Soundiodine, leading to a massive release of crude oil into the surrounding waters. The extent of the spill was considerable, with thousands of barrels of oil estimated to have been discharged, rapidly creating a vast slick across the sea.

The environmental repercussions of the MV Soundiodine spill have been severe. The Red Sea hosts diverse marine ecosystems, including coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrass beds, all of which are highly sensitive to oil contamination. The spill has wreaked havoc on coral reefs, which are vital for marine biodiversity. The oil slick has covered extensive areas of reef, obstructing sunlight and diminishing oxygen levels crucial for coral health. Consequently, many coral colonies have sustained irreversible damage, leading to a dramatic loss of marine life dependent on these ecosystems.

Beyond coral reefs, the oil spill has had dire effects on various marine species. Fish populations, already under threat from overfishing and habitat loss, have been further devastated by the oil’s toxic impact. Disruption to breeding grounds and nursery areas has led to a decline in fish stocks, potentially jeopardizing the region’s fisheries for the long term. Seabirds, reliant on the coastal waters of the Red Sea for sustenance, have also suffered significantly. Oil-coated feathers have compromised their buoyancy and ability to regulate body temperature, resulting in hypothermia, drowning, and starvation. Marine mammals, including dolphins and dugongs, face increased risks of respiratory issues, skin lesions, and reproductive failures due to exposure to contaminated waters.

The spill has heavily impacted coastal areas in Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and Sudan. Oil has washed ashore, contaminating beaches, mangroves, and other sensitive coastal habitats. These areas play a crucial role in shoreline protection, marine life nursery grounds, and supporting local livelihoods. The contamination has led to the death of mangrove trees, essential for coastal stability and biodiversity, further diminishing the region’s ecological resilience.

Economically, the MV Soundiodine oil spill has had substantial repercussions for the Red Sea’s bordering countries and the global economy. The Red Sea is a vital route for oil and goods transportation, and any disruption has immediate global economic effects. The spill has necessitated the temporary closure of some shipping lanes, causing delays in oil and commodity deliveries. Increased uncertainty regarding the security of Red Sea shipping routes has driven up insurance premiums for vessels, escalating maritime transport costs. These disruptions have contributed to volatility in global oil markets, with prices fluctuating in response to fears of supply shortages.

The oil spill’s impact on local economies has been profound, particularly in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. A significant decline in tourism—a primary income source for these countries—has resulted from the oil contamination of beaches and coastal waters. Coastal resorts, once popular with millions of visitors, have seen a drastic drop in tourism, causing economic hardship and job losses in communities dependent on this industry. Similarly, the fishing industry, crucial for food and income in these coastal areas, has been severely affected, with declines in fish stocks and the closure of fishing areas.

The cleanup efforts for the MV Soundiodine spill have been both extensive and costly, with estimates reaching hundreds of millions of dollars. The complexity of the Red Sea’s marine and coastal environments has made the cleanup particularly challenging, especially in delicate habitats like coral reefs and mangroves. Recovery for the affected ecosystems may take years, if not decades. While the burden of cleanup costs falls on the affected countries, there are ongoing efforts to seek compensation from those responsible.

Geopolitically, the attack on the MV Soundiodine has significant implications. The Red Sea’s strategic importance has heightened tensions among regional powers, such as Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Egypt, as well as global powers including the United States and China. Calls for increased security measures, including proposals for a larger military presence, have emerged to protect shipping lanes. However, such measures could escalate the risk of further conflicts involving regional and global powers.

The international community has expressed strong disapproval and concern following the MV Soundiodine incident. Nations with significant interests in the Red Sea, particularly those reliant on the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait for oil transportation, are alarmed by the vulnerability of this crucial maritime route. Diplomatic efforts are underway to address security concerns, with proposals for enhanced international collaboration to monitor and safeguard the region’s shipping lanes. However, the complex political landscape complicates the implementation of effective solutions. The incident has highlighted the need for stringent international regulations and enforcement to prevent future attacks and ensure accountability for environmental and economic damages.

In summary, the assault on the MV Soundiodine and the resulting oil spill have had profound and far-reaching consequences. The severe environmental damage to the Red Sea’s unique marine and coastal ecosystems has lasting effects on biodiversity and habitat integrity. Economically, the spill has disrupted both local and global markets, leading to substantial cleanup costs and economic hardship. Geopolitically, the incident has intensified tensions in an already volatile region, underscoring the interconnected nature of environmental, economic, and security challenges in the Red Sea. The MV Soundiodine spill serves as a stark reminder of the need for coordinated international efforts to address and mitigate such crises.

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Editor's Pick

Beauty in the Crossfire: Miss Somalia Pageant Amid Violence

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Amid Explosions and Controversy, Somali Women Defy Odds in Groundbreaking Beauty Pageant

On a night when most of Somalia tuned in to the Euro football final, a very different kind of spectacle unfolded at Mogadishu’s Elite Hotel. Hundreds gathered to witness the Miss Somalia pageant, a daring celebration of beauty and resilience in one of the world’s most dangerous places to be a woman. Just a kilometer away, the grim reality of Somali life was underscored by a car bomb explosion that killed five and injured twenty. The militant group al-Shabab, notorious for its reign of terror over Somalia, claimed responsibility for the attack.

The juxtaposition of a beauty pageant with such violence highlights the schizophrenic nature of life in Somalia. While pageant contestants paraded in glamorous gowns, the nearby explosion shattered the night, a stark reminder of the pervasive threat of terrorism. This contrast paints a vivid picture of a nation grappling with its identity and future.

Hani Abdi Gas, founded the competition in 2021. In a country where Islamist militants and conservative traditions dominate, her initiative is nothing short of revolutionary. Gas, who grew up in the Dadaab refugee camp in Kenya before returning to Somalia in 2020, sees the pageant as more than a beauty contest. It’s a platform for lifting women’s voices, fostering unity, and empowering Somali women.

Gas believes that Somalia, long deemed one of the worst places to be a woman, is ready to join the rest of the world in celebrating female beauty and aspiration. “I want to celebrate the aspirations of women from diverse backgrounds, build their confidence, and give them a chance to showcase Somali culture worldwide,” she said.

This year’s contestants reflected this diversity. Among them was a policewoman, a powerful symbol of women breaking barriers in a traditionally male-dominated society. However, not everyone was pleased. Many Somalis view beauty pageants as affronts to their culture and religion. Clan leader Ahmed Abdi Halane expressed disgust, saying, “Such things are against our culture and our religion. If a girl wears tight clothes and appears on stage, it will bring shame upon her family and her clan. Women are supposed to stay at home and wear modest clothes.”

Some women also oppose the pageant. Sabrina, a student, criticized the contestants for appearing in public without covering their necks, saying, “It is good to support the Somali youth but not in ways that conflict with our religion.”

Despite these criticisms, the pageant proceeded with its vibrant display of Somali culture. Aisha Ikow, a 24-year-old university student and make-up artist, was crowned Miss Somalia, taking home a $1,000 prize. Ikow, representing South-West state, vowed to use her platform to combat early marriage and promote girls’ education. “The competition celebrates Somali culture and beauty while shaping a brighter future for women,” she said.

The judging panel, which included Miss Somalia 2022 and a representative from the Ministry of Youth, found it hard to choose a winner. They assessed contestants on physical beauty, public speaking, and stage presence. An online vote, costing $1 per vote, funded the event and future international pageant participation.

The glitzy event in a luxury hotel contrasted sharply with the harsh realities faced by most Somali women. Four million Somalis, a quarter of the population, are internally displaced, with up to 80% being women. The UN ranks Somalia near the bottom on the Gender Inequality Index, with alarming rates of gender-based violence and female genital mutilation. Traditional practices still dictate that a rapist must marry his victim, and legal protections for women are severely lacking.

Despite these challenges, the Miss Somalia pageant signifies a slow but significant change. The fact that such an event could be held in Mogadishu, even amid nearby violence, indicates a shift in societal attitudes and an improvement in security.

The crowd at the Elite Hotel stayed until the early hours, undeterred by the attack’s proximity. They were engrossed in the pageant, the sound of the explosion drowned out by the waves crashing on the nearby beach.

In a nation torn by conflict and conservative values, the Miss Somalia pageant stands as a beacon of hope. It is a testament to the resilience of Somali women and their determination to carve out spaces of empowerment and celebration. As Somalia continues to navigate its complex identity, events like these are crucial in shaping a more inclusive and progressive future.

Kiin Hassan Fakat, reporting with Bilan Media, and Mary Harper, author of two books on Somalia, provide a lens into this transformative moment, capturing the courage and aspirations of Somali women amidst a backdrop of turmoil.

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