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What Is Ramadan? How Muslims Around the World Observe the Holy Month
From sunrise to sunset, millions fast together. But Ramadan is more than hunger — it’s faith, reflection and shared humanity.
Muslims around the world are preparing to observe Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, marked by daily fasting, prayer and acts of charity. The holy month is expected to begin around February 18 or 19, depending on the sighting of the crescent moon.
Ramadan’s start date shifts each year because the Islamic calendar follows lunar cycles. Religious authorities in different countries may announce slightly different start days based on moon sightings or calculation methods.
Fasting during Ramadan is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, alongside the declaration of faith, daily prayer, almsgiving and pilgrimage. From dawn to sunset, observant Muslims abstain from all food and drink — including water. The fast is broken at sunset with a meal known as iftar, often beginning with dates and water, followed by larger gatherings with family and friends.
Before dawn, many wake for suhoor, a pre-fast meal meant to sustain them through the day. Nights are often spent in extended prayers, including special congregational prayers known as Tarawih, and in reading the Quran.
Beyond fasting, charity plays a central role. Many Muslims donate food, distribute meals or support those in need. Acts of generosity are believed to carry added spiritual reward during the month.
Exemptions from fasting apply to those who are ill, traveling, pregnant, elderly or otherwise unable to fast. Missed fasts due to temporary reasons are typically made up later.
Cultural traditions surrounding Ramadan vary widely. In Egypt, colorful lanterns illuminate streets and homes. In Indonesia, torchlit parades and communal feasts mark the month’s arrival. In the United States and Europe, diverse Muslim communities gather in mosques and Islamic centers for nightly meals and prayers, sometimes hosting interfaith iftar events.
Ramadan concludes with Eid al-Fitr, a festive holiday celebrating the end of the fast.
While customs differ across regions, the core of Ramadan remains constant: spiritual renewal, discipline and solidarity with those less fortunate — a month that binds millions in shared devotion across continents.
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Australia Commits $2.7 Billion to Advance Nuclear Submarine
A new shipyard, nuclear-powered submarines, and a decades-long investment — Australia doubles down on AUKUS.
Australia will spend A$3.9 billion ($2.76 billion) to advance construction of a new shipyard that will underpin its nuclear-powered submarine program under the AUKUS defense pact with the United States and Britain, Prime Minister Anthony Albanese announced Sunday.
The funding will support development of a major submarine construction yard at Osborne, near Adelaide in South Australia. Albanese described the investment as a “down payment” toward a project expected to cost around A$30 billion over coming decades.
AUKUS, unveiled in 2021, represents Australia’s largest-ever defense investment. Under the agreement, U.S.-commanded Virginia-class submarine vessels will rotate through Australian bases beginning in 2027. From around 2030, several of those submarines are expected to be sold to Australia. Britain and Australia will later jointly develop and build a new class of nuclear-powered submarines.
The Osborne site, where Australia’s ASC and Britain’s BAE Systems will collaborate, will serve as the hub for future submarine construction. Until full production begins later this decade, the facility will continue maintaining Australia’s aging Collins-class fleet.
South Australian Premier Peter Malinauskas said the initial funding would go toward enabling infrastructure for the expanded yard, calling it only the beginning of a broader transformation.
The announcement follows a recent Pentagon review that identified areas to strengthen the AUKUS program, including ensuring Australia accelerates development of its nuclear submarine industrial capacity.
The move underscores Canberra’s long-term commitment to deepening strategic ties with Washington and London, as regional security competition intensifies in the Indo-Pacific.
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Israel’s Gideon to Attend Trump’s First Board of Peace Meeting on Gaza
A reconstruction plan, a stabilization force, and high-stakes diplomacy — Gaza moves to the top of Washington’s agenda.
Israel’s Foreign Minister Gideon Saar will attend U.S. President Donald Trump’s first formal Board of Peace meeting in Washington on February 19, according to two Israeli officials.
U.S. officials said Trump is expected to unveil a multi-billion-dollar reconstruction plan for Gaza and outline details of a proposed United Nations-authorized stabilization force for the Palestinian territory. The board’s creation was endorsed by a United Nations Security Council resolution as part of broader efforts to end the Gaza war.
Delegations from at least 20 countries, including several heads of state, are expected to attend. While regional Middle Eastern nations and emerging powers have joined the initiative, some traditional Western allies have approached the plan more cautiously.
The meeting comes amid a fragile ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, which took effect in October under a framework advanced by the Trump administration. Despite the truce, intermittent violence has continued, with both sides accusing each other of violations.
A key element of the proposal involves deploying an International Stabilization Force as Israeli troops withdraw further and Hamas disarms. U.S. officials said several countries are prepared to contribute thousands of troops to the force, which could deploy in the coming months.
Hamas has rejected calls to surrender its weapons, while Israel has warned that it would act militarily if disarmament does not occur voluntarily.
The Washington meeting is expected to clarify the structure of the stabilization force and the scope of Gaza’s reconstruction effort, marking a new phase in diplomatic attempts to shape the territory’s postwar future.
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U.S. Deported Nine Migrants to Cameroon Despite Court Protections
Handcuffed, unaware of their destination — nine migrants reportedly flown to Cameroon despite legal protections.
The Trump administration secretly deported nine individuals to Cameroon in January, despite some having court protections against removal and none originating from that country, according to a report by The New York Times.
The newspaper said the group was placed on a January 14 flight departing from Alexandria, Louisiana, operated by the Department of Homeland Security. Several of the deportees allegedly did not know they were being sent to Cameroon until they were boarded in handcuffs and chains.
The report, citing government documents and attorneys for the deportees, said some of those removed had legal protections in place that were intended to prevent their deportation. Details of the individuals’ nationalities were not immediately available.
Neither DHS nor the U.S. State Department responded to requests for comment. Cameroon’s Ministry of External Affairs also did not comment publicly. Reuters said it could not immediately reach lawyers representing the deported individuals.
The administration of Donald Trump has not announced any formal agreement under which Cameroon would accept deportees from third countries.
If confirmed, the removals could raise legal and diplomatic questions, particularly regarding compliance with U.S. court orders and international deportation protocols.
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Guterres: Climate Target Slipping, Africa Demands Fair Financing
The 1.5°C limit will be breached, the UN chief warns — now the focus shifts to damage control and climate justice for Africa.
Antonio Guterres warned that the world is on course to exceed the 1.5 degrees Celsius global warming threshold, urging major economies to accelerate emissions cuts while calling for a dramatic increase in climate financing for Africa.
“The science is unequivocal. The planet will overshoot the 1.5 degrees Celsius limit,” Guterres said. “Our common task is to make that overshoot as small, short and safe as possible.”
He emphasized that the G20, which accounts for nearly 80 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, must deliver steep reductions this decade to prevent further escalation of climate risks.
At the same time, Guterres highlighted Africa’s untapped clean energy capacity. The continent holds roughly 60 percent of the world’s best solar resources, he noted, yet receives only 2 percent of global clean energy investment. Despite contributing minimally to historic emissions, Africa is warming faster than the global average and faces growing climate impacts.
Adaptation, he said, must be treated as a priority equal to mitigation. Guterres called on developed countries to triple adaptation finance and to mobilize $1.3 trillion annually for developing nations by 2035. He also urged expanded funding for the Loss and Damage mechanism, faster transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy and wider deployment of early warning systems.
Addressing the issue of critical minerals essential to the energy transition, Guterres stressed that African countries must reap fair benefits from their natural resources. “No more exploitation, no more plundering,” he said. “The people of Africa must benefit from the resources of Africa.”
He concluded by reaffirming that partnership with Africa — spanning climate action, peace and sustainable development — will remain central to the United Nations’ agenda in the years ahead.
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Airport Lines, Delays Possible as DHS Shutdown Nears
Another shutdown fight in Washington — and travelers could feel it first at airport security.
A partial shutdown of the Department of Homeland Security appeared imminent after Congress failed to reach agreement on immigration-related funding, raising concerns about disruptions for travelers and federal employees.
The funding lapse would affect agencies under DHS, including the Transportation Security Administration, which oversees security at more than 430 commercial airports. While TSA officers would continue working as “essential employees,” they would not receive pay until funding is restored.
During the previous 43-day shutdown, many TSA employees reported financial hardship, and absentee rates increased, contributing to flight delays and disruptions. Acting TSA Administrator Ha Nguyen McNeill warned lawmakers earlier this week that workers are still recovering from that period. “We cannot put them through another such experience,” she said.
The current impasse stems from disputes over immigration enforcement policies. Democrats are seeking changes within DHS, including stricter use-of-force standards, body camera requirements and limits on mask-wearing by federal agents. Republicans have rejected several of those proposals, arguing they could endanger officers.
Even if funding lapses, many DHS law enforcement functions — including operations by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Customs and Border Protection — would continue. However, administrative functions would scale back, and thousands of employees could see delayed paychecks.
The head of the Federal Emergency Management Agency has warned that a shutdown would hinder disaster reimbursement to states. Other federal services outside DHS — such as air traffic control and food assistance programs — would not be affected.
With Congress not scheduled to reconvene for votes until later this month, the duration of any shutdown remains uncertain. For travelers, the immediate concern is airport security lines and potential staffing shortages — a reminder that even a partial government closure can ripple quickly through daily life.
Middle East
DP World Appoints Essa Kazim as Chairman
A major reshuffle at one of the world’s largest port operators — DP World names new leadership as it eyes long-term growth.
DP World announced Friday the appointment of Essa Kazim as chairman of its board of directors and Yuvraj Narayan as group chief executive officer, marking a significant leadership transition at the global logistics and port operator.
Kazim, who currently serves as governor of the Dubai International Financial Centre and chairman of Borse Dubai, brings decades of experience in financial and economic policy. He has also held senior roles within Dubai’s regulatory and fiscal institutions, including deputy chairman of the Supreme Legislation Committee and member of the Securities and Exchange Higher Committee.
His career began at the UAE Central Bank in 1988 before moving to the Dubai Department of Economic Development. He later served as director-general and then chairman of the Dubai Financial Market, playing a central role in shaping the emirate’s capital markets.
Narayan, who has been with DP World since 2004 and served as group chief financial officer since 2005, takes the helm after overseeing key strategic and financial initiatives that supported the company’s global expansion. The company credited him with strengthening financial resilience and operational efficiency across international markets.
Before joining DP World, Narayan held senior finance roles at ANZ Group and served as chief financial officer at Salalah Port Services in Oman.
DP World said the appointments align with its long-term strategy for sustainable growth and reinforce its position as an integrated global supply chain provider.
In a related move, Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum issued a decree appointing Abdulla bin Damithan as chairman of the Ports, Customs and Free Zone Corporation, further reshaping leadership within Dubai’s trade and logistics sector.
Middle East
Herzog Pushes Back on Trump’s Netanyahu Pardon Demand
A mid-air moment of diplomacy: Trump calls for Netanyahu’s pardon — Herzog answers at 30,000 feet.
Israeli President Isaac Herzog pushed back Thursday after U.S. President Donald Trump publicly urged him to pardon Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, saying Israel’s decisions are governed by its own laws.
Trump made the remarks during a White House event while Herzog was returning from a four-day visit to Australia. “He should give it,” Trump said, referring to a pardon for Netanyahu. “The people of Israel should really shame him. He’s disgraceful for not giving it.”
According to Israeli officials, Herzog was informed of Trump’s comments mid-flight and convened advisers aboard the plane to craft a response. In a statement issued from the aircraft, the President’s Residence said that any pardon request submitted by Netanyahu is currently under review by Israel’s Justice Ministry for a legal opinion.
“Only after the process is concluded will the president examine the request in accordance with the law, the good of the state, and his conscience — and without any influence from external or internal pressures of any kind,” the statement said.
The statement also expressed appreciation for Trump’s support of Israel’s security but emphasized that Israel is “a sovereign state governed by the rule of law.”
Pressed by reporters traveling with him for a personal reaction, Herzog replied tersely: “To the best of my recollection, I am the president of Israel.”
Netanyahu has been facing ongoing legal proceedings in Israel, and the question of a presidential pardon has drawn intense domestic debate. Herzog has previously said any such request would be handled strictly according to established legal procedures.
The exchange highlights the delicate balance between Israel’s close relationship with Washington and the independence of its judicial and constitutional processes.
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Washington Warns Taipei: Boost Defense Now as China Threat Intensifies
A bipartisan group of 37 U.S. lawmakers has urged Taiwan’s parliament to approve a stalled defense spending package, warning that the threat from China is intensifying.
In a letter addressed to Legislative Speaker Han Kuo-yu and leaders of Taiwan’s main political parties, the lawmakers said Beijing’s pressure on the island “has never been greater.” The letter cited Chinese President Xi Jinping and accused China of using all elements of its national power to assert control over Taiwan.
President Lai Ching-te last year proposed roughly $40 billion in additional defense spending to strengthen Taiwan’s military capabilities and accelerate U.S. weapons purchases. But opposition parties, including the Kuomintang and the Taiwan People’s Party, which control a majority in parliament, have declined to review the full proposal, advancing smaller alternatives instead.
The U.S. lawmakers acknowledged delays in American weapons deliveries but said Taiwan must also increase its own investment to maintain credible deterrence.
Taiwan’s defense minister has warned that further delays could weaken coordination with Washington. The United States remains Taiwan’s primary security partner despite the absence of formal diplomatic ties.
China considers Taiwan part of its territory and has not ruled out the use of force to bring the island under its control.
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